The Turing Test: can a machine fool you into thinking it's human?

In 1950, Alan Turing proposed the 'imitation game': if a human interrogator cannot reliably distinguish a machine from a person through text conversation, the machine could be said to think. For decades the test was seen as a distant ideal; in 2014, a chatbot called Eugene Goostman reportedly passed it by convincing 33% of judges it was a 13-year-old Ukrainian boy — though critics argued the scenario was too constrained to count. Modern large language models now pass far more rigorous versions with ease, reopening the question of what intelligence actually means.

Source: Turing, Computing Machinery and Intelligence, Mind (1950)